Biology
Biological molecules, cells, organisms and ecosystems
Biological Molecules & Cells
6 topicsBiological Molecules
ASMonomers, polymers, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Water and Inorganic Ions
ASProperties of water, role of inorganic ions in biological processes
Cell Structure
ASProkaryotic and eukaryotic cells, organelles, microscopy
Cell Membranes
ASMembrane structure, transport across membranes, osmosis, diffusion
Cell Division
ASCell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, chromosome behaviour
Cell Diversity and Organisation
ASDifferentiation, specialisation, tissues, organs, organ systems
Organisms & Ecosystems
12 topicsExchange Surfaces
ASGas exchange in insects, fish, mammals, plants
Transport in Animals
ASCirculatory systems, heart, blood vessels, blood
Transport in Plants
ASXylem, phloem, transpiration, translocation
Photosynthesis
A2Light-dependent and light-independent reactions, limiting factors
Respiration
A2Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
Energy and Ecosystems
A2Energy transfer, food chains, nutrient cycles
Stimuli and Response
A2Receptors, neurones, reflex arc, nervous system
Nervous Coordination
A2Action potentials, synapses, neurotransmitters
Skeletal Muscles
A2Muscle structure, contraction, neuromuscular junction
Homeostasis
A2Negative feedback, thermoregulation, glucose regulation
Biodiversity
A2Classification, species diversity, investigating diversity
Populations in Ecosystems
A2Population size, succession, conservation
Genetics & Gene Expression
6 topicsDNA, Genes and Protein Synthesis
A2DNA structure, replication, transcription, translation
Genetic Diversity
A2Mutations, meiosis, variation, genetic diversity
Inheritance
A2Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, linkage, epistasis
Populations and Evolution
A2Hardy-Weinberg, selection, speciation, genetic drift
Control of Gene Expression
A2Transcription factors, epigenetics, gene regulation
Recombinant DNA Technology
A2Gene cloning, PCR, genetic engineering, gene therapy
A Level Biology Past Papers
Practice with official exam papers, mark schemes, and examiner reports.